May 1, 2004 was not a typical date. It was the moment when Cyprus finally entered the European core, gaining a strong political and geopolitical foothold.
The path to inclusion had a depth of time and a clear strategy. It formally began in 1990,when the Republic of Cyprus submitted an application for inclusionwith the full support of the government of Konstantinos Mitsotakis. At a time when the Cyprus was unresolved and many in Europe had reservations, this choice was not self-evident. It was a bold political move that strengthened Cyprus’ international position.
This strategy had deeper roots. Constantine Karamanlis had already, as early as the 1970s, been damaging Greece’s European course. At a time of intense reactions, with slogans against EOK and NATO from forces of the post-independence era, he stuck to a choice that was questioned at the time, but in practice justified. The inclusion of Greece in the European family created the framework within which Cyprus’s European course was made possible.
Cyprus’s accession negotiations started in 1998 and completed in 2003 with the signing of the Treaty of Accession in Athens. A year later, the Republic of Cyprus became a full member of the European Union, in the largest enlargement in its history. Despite the particularities arising from the Turkish occupation, the accession of the entire island, albeit with the suspension of the European acquis in the occupied territories, was a major diplomatic success.
Twenty-two years later, this choice is proving to be decisive. In an environment of heightened geopolitical tensions, Cyprus’ European status serves as an essential shield. The recent drone attack by Iran and the immediate mobilisation of European forces have demonstrated in practice what membership of the Union means. The presence of French President Emmanuel Macron in Cyprus, together with the Greek Prime Minister, was not a simple visit. It was a clear message of support and rejection.
The accession of Cyprus to the European Union is not just a historical milestone. It is a strategic choice that continues to pay off, strengthening the stability, security and international standing of Hellenism at a time of increased challenges.
